Go Concurrency: Goroutines, Channels, And The Scheduler

Go ships a **goroutine** scheduler in the runtime: functions prefixed with `go` run concurrently on OS threads multiplexed by the runtime. Official docs: `go.dev/doc` and the **Go memory model**.

**Channels** pass values between goroutines with typed send and receive. Buffered channels decouple producers and consumers; unbuffered channels synchronize handoffs. `select` multiplexes channel operations.

`context.Context` propagates deadlines and cancellation through RPC handlers and HTTP middleware. Always cancel contexts to release goroutines on client disconnect.

Go modules (`go.mod`) manage dependencies with minimal configuration. In 2026, Go remains common for cloud controllers, CLIs, and network services; verify your target Go release on `go.dev/dl` before upgrading toolchains.